README This data file is published by the Movebank Data Repository (www.datarepository.movebank.org). As of the time of publication, a version of this published animal tracking dataset can be viewed on Movebank (www.movebank.org) in the study "Fall migration of white storks in 2014" (Movebank Study ID 332044860) and is a subset of the data in study "LifeTrack White Stork SWGermany 2014-2017" (Movebank Study ID 21231406). Individual attributes in the data files are defined below and in the Movebank Attribute Dictionary, available at www.movebank.org/node/2381. This data package includes the following data files: Fall migration of white storks in 2014-acceleration.csv Fall migration of white storks in 2014-gps.csv.zip Fall migration of white storks in 2014-reference-data.csv These data are described in the following written publications: Weinzierl R, Bohrer G, Kranstauber B, Fiedler W, Wikelski M, Flack A (2016) Wind estimation based on thermal soaring of birds. Ecology and Evolution 6(24): 8706–8718. doi:10.1002/ece3.2585 Flack A, Nagy M, Fiedler W, Couzin ID, Wikelski M (in review) From local collective behavior to global migratory patterns in white storks. Nagy M, Couzin ID, Fiedler W, Wikelski M, Flack A (in review) Synchronisation, coordination and collective sensing during thermalling flight of freely-migrating white storks. Data package citation: Weinzierl R, Bohrer G, Kranstauber B, Fiedler W, Schaefle W, Wikelski M, Flack A (2017) Data from: Wind estimation based on thermal soaring of birds. Movebank Data Repository. doi:10.5441/001/1.bj96m274 ----------- Terms of Use This data file is licensed by the Creative Commons Zero (CC0 1.0) license. The intent of this license is to facilitate the re-use of works. The Creative Commons Zero license is a "no rights reserved" license that allows copyright holders to opt out of copyright protections automatically extended by copyright and other laws, thus placing works in the public domain with as little legal restriction as possible. However, works published with this license must still be appropriately cited following professional and ethical standards for academic citation. We highly recommend that you contact the data creator if possible if you will be re-using or re-analyzing data in this file. Researchers will likely be interested in learning about new uses of their data, might also have important insights about how to properly analyze and interpret their data, and/or might have additional data they would be willing to contribute to your project. Feel free to contact us at support@movebank.org if you need assistance contacting data owners. See here for the full description of this license http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 ----------- Data Attributes These definitions come from the Movebank Attribute Dictionary, available at www.movebank.org/node/2381. animal comments: Additional information about the animal that is not described by other reference data terms. example: sibling of #1423 animal death comments: Comments about the death of the animal. example: hit by a car animal ID: An individual identifier for the animal, provided by the data owner. This identifier can be a ring number, a name, the same as the associated tag ID, etc. If the data owner does not provide an Animal ID, an internal Movebank animal identifier may sometimes be shown. example: 91876A, Gary same as: individual-local-identifier animal mass: The mass of an the animal. example: 500 units: grams attachment type: The way a tag is attached to an animal. Values are chosen from a controlled list: collar: The tag is attached by a collar around the animal's neck. glue: The tag is attached to the animal using glue. harness: The tag is attached to the animal using a harness. implant: The tag is placed under the skin of the an animal. tape: The tag is attached to the animal using tape. other: user specified deploy off timestamp: The timestamp when the tag deployment ended. example: 2009-10-01 12:00:00.000 format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.sss units: UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) or GPS time, which is a few leap seconds different from UTC same as: deploy off date deploy off person: The name of the person/people who removed the tag from the animal and ended the deployment. example: J. Smith deploy on latitude: The geographic latitude of the location where the animal was released (intended primarily for instances in which the animal release and tag retrieval locations have higher accuracy than those derived from sensor data). example: 27.3516 units: decimal degrees, WGS84 reference system deploy on longitude: The geographic longitude of the location where the animal was released (intended primarily for instances in which the animal release and tag retrieval locations have higher accuracy than those derived from sensor data). example: -97.3321 units: decimal degrees, WGS84 reference system deploy on person: The name of the person/people who attached the tag to the animal and began the deployment. example: G. Smith deploy on timestamp: The timestamp when the tag deployment started. example: 2008-08-30 18:00:00.000 format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.sss units: UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) or GPS time, which is a few leap seconds different from UTC same as: deploy on date deployment comments: Additional information about the tag deployment that is not described by other reference data terms. example: This deployment was excluded from analysis because the tag failed. deployment end comments: a description of the end of a tag deployment, such as cause of mortality or notes on the removal and/or failure of tag. example: Data transmission stopped after 108 days. Cause unknown. deployment end type: A categorical classification of the tag deployment end. Values are chosen from a controlled list: captured: The tag remained on the animal but the animal was captured or confined. dead: The deployment ended with the death of the animal that was carrying the tag. equipment failure: The tag stopped working. fall off: The attachment of the tag to the animal failed, and it fell of accidentally. other released: The tag remained on the animal but the animal was released from captivity or confinement. removal: The tag was purposefully removed from the animal. unknown: The deployment ended by an unknown cause. deployment ID: A unique identifier for the deployment of a tag on animal, provided by the data owner. If the data owner does not provide a Deployment ID, an internal Movebank deployment identifier may sometimes be shown. example: Jane-Tag42 duty cycle: Remarks associated with the duty cycle of a tag during the deployment, describing the times it is on/off and the frequency at which it transmits or records data. example: it turns off during the night units: Any units should be defined in the remarks. e-obs acceleration axes: This tells you about the enabled ACC axes, like X and/or Y and/or Z (definition from "e-obs GPS-acceleration-tags application note: How to use the acceleration sensor, interpret, analyse its data and how to get values in m/s^2", 2011). example: XYZ units: none e-obs acceleration sampling frequency per axis: This is the sampling frequency for one axis. Don't mix this up with the sampling frequency for all axes together. For example if you have three ACC axes enabled, then the sampling frequency for all axes together is three times the sampling frequency for one axis. The sampling frequency is measured in Hertz, which is the same as 1/second. For example a sampling frequency of 10 Hz means that you get 10 samples per second (definition from "e-obs GPS-acceleration-tags application note: How to use the acceleration sensor, interpret, analyse its data and how to get values in m/s^2", 2011). example: 5.93 units: hertz (Hz) e-obs accelerations raw: Acceleration along the X and or Y and or Z axes of the tag, depending on which axes were activated on the tag as described in the field e-obs acceleration axes. Measurements alternate one measurement for each active axis in alphabetical order. The values are digital readings between 0 and 4095 of the analogue digital converter on the tag, and can be converted to m/s^2 with proper calibration. These samples are made at the rate described by the field e-obs acceleration sampling frequency per axis starting with the first sample at the time described in the field e-obs start timestamp. Tags with numbers e-obs numbers 2242 and higher, which began being provided in spring 2012, have Y-axis values in the opposite direction from those in older tags (definition from "e-obs GPS-acceleration-tags application note: How to use the acceleration sensor, interpret, analyse its data and how to get values in m/s^2", 2011; Wolgang Heidrich, e-obs Digital Telemetry, personal communication, 2012). example: 1844 1889 1653 1845 1896 1653 1837 1897 1653 1842 1898 1650 1844 1899 1644 1840… units: none (values must be calibrated and converted) e-obs battery voltage: Unloaded battery voltage (definition from Franz Kümmeth, e-obs Digital Telemetry, personal communication, 2012). example: 3712 units: millivolt (mV) e-obs fix battery voltage: Loaded battery voltage, i.e. battery voltage when GPS module is acquiring a fix (definition from e-obs Digital Telemetry Manual for DataDecoder Software, 2010; Franz Kümmeth, e-obs Digital Telemetry, personal communication, 2012). example: 3535 units: millivolt (mV) e-obs horizontal accuracy estimate: A horizontal (in)accuracy estimate, calculated by the GPS module (definition from e-obs Digital Telemetry Manual for DataDecoder Software, 2010; Franz Kümmeth, e-obs Digital Telemetry, personal communication, 2012). example: 35.07 units: meters e-obs key bin checksum: A checksum of the original binary data, so that Movebank can quickly compare different lines by comparing their checksums (definition from "e-obs GPS-acceleration-tags application note: How to use the acceleration sensor, interpret, analyse its data and how to get values in m/s^2", 2011). example: 4152324118 units: none e-obs start timestamp: The date and time of day when the acceleration burst belonging to this line begins. The exact time of the first sample is a little later (up to 1 second) for older e-obs tags, especially when the ACC-pinger is enabled (4 pings before the start of eah ACC burst) (definition from "e-obs GPS-acceleration-tags application note: How to use the acceleration sensor, interpret, analyse its data and how to get values in m/s^2", 2011). example: 2011-01-03 13:45:00.000 units: GPS time (GPST), which is a few leap seconds different from UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) e-obs status: The record status, from e-obs GPS/accelerometer tags (definition from e-obs Digital Telemetry Manual for DataDecoder Software, 2010). Allowed values are A = position and time within accuracy masks B = only time of week and weeknumber valid C = only weeknumber valid D = no valid data example: D units: none e-obs temperature: Temperature; this value is not calibrated and therefore very inaccurate (definition from e-obs Digital Telemetry Manual for DataDecoder Software, 2010). example: 45 units: degrees Celsius e-obs type of fix: The type of fix of data from e-obs GPS/accelerometer tags (definition from e-obs Digital Telemetry Manual for DataDecoder Software, 2010). Allowed values are 3 = 3D fix 2 = 2D fix example: 3 units: none e-obs used time to get fix: The amount of time that was needed for this GPS fix; interesting for estimating power requirements (definition from e-obs Digital Telemetry Manual for DataDecoder Software, 2010). example: 22 units: seconds event ID: An identifier for the set of information associated with each record or event in a data set. A unique event ID is assigned to every time-location or other time-measurement record in Movebank. example: 6340565 units: none ground speed: The estimated ground speed between consecutive locations. example: 7.22 units: meters per second heading: The direction in which the tag moved from this location to the subsequent location, calculated as the bearing between consecutive locations, in decimal degrees clockwise from north; for example, 0 = north, 90 = east, 180 = south. example: 315.88 units: decimal degrees height above ellipsoid: The estimated height above the ellipsoid returned by the GPS unit. (If altitudes are calculated as height above mean sea level, use height above mean sea level.) example: 24.8 units: meters latest date born: The latest date an animal is thought to have been born. examples: 2001-12-12, 2001-12-12 16:54:00.000 formats: yyyy-MM-dd, yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.sss units: if time is not included, day is determined by local time; if time is included, times are in UTC (users often probably upload data in GPS time, which is a few leap seconds different from UTC) same as: animal latest date born latitude (decimal degree): The geographic longitude of a location along an animal track as estimated by the processed sensor data. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. example: -121.1761111 units: decimal degrees, WGS84 reference system same as: location lat life stage: The age class or life stage of the animal at the beginning of the deployment. Can be years or months of age or terms such as "adult", "subadult" and "juvenile". Units should be defined in the values (e.g. "2 years"). example: juvenile, adult units: Any units should be defined in the remarks. longitude (decimal degree): The geographic longitude of a location along an animal track as estimated by the processed sensor data. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. example: -121.1761111 units: decimal degrees, WGS84 reference system same as: location long manipulation type: The way in which the animal was manipulated during the deployment. Additional details about the manipulation can be provided using manipulation comments. Values are chosen from a controlled list: confined: The animal's movement was restricted to within a defined area. none: The animal received no treatment other than the tag attachment. relocated: The animal was released from a site other than the one at which it was captured. manipulated other: The animal was manipulated in some other way, such as a physiological manipulation. sensor type: The type of sensor with which data were collected. Values are chosen from a controlled list: acceleration: The sensor collects acceleration data. accessory measurements: The sensor collects accessory measurements, such as battery voltage. Argos Doppler shift: The sensor is using Argos Doppler shift for determining position. barometer: The sensor records air or water pressure. bird ring: The animal is identified by a ring that has a unique ID. GPS: The sensor uses GPS to find location and stores these. magnetometer: The sensor records the magnetic field. natural mark: The animal is identified by a natural marking. radio transmitter: The sensor is a classical radio transmitter. solar geolocator: The sensor collects light levels, which are used to determine position (for processed locations). solar geolocator raw: The sensor collects light levels, which are used to determine position (for raw light-level measurements). sex: The sex of the biological individual(s) represented in the Occurrence. Values are from a controlled list: m: male f: female study: The name of the study in Movebank in which data are stored. study site: The name of the deployment site, for example a field station or colony. example: Pickerel Island North tag ID: A unique identifier for the tag, provided by the data owner. If the data owner does not provide a tag ID, an internal Movebank tag identifier may sometimes be shown. example: 2342, ptt_4532 same as: tag local identifier tag manufacturer name: The company or person that produced the tag. example: Holohil same as: manufacturer tag mass: The mass of the tag. example: 24 units: grams tag model: The model of the tag. example: T61 same as: model tag readout method: The way the data are received from the tag. Values are chosen from a controlled list: satellite: Data are transferred via satellite. phone network: Data are transferred via a phone network, such as GSM or AMPS. other wireless: Data are transferred via another form of wireless data transfer, such as a VHF radio transmitter/receiver. tag retrieval: The tag must be physically retrieved in order to obtain the data. tag serial number: The serial number of the tag. example: MN93-33243 units: none same as: tag serial no, serial no taxon: The scientific name of the species on which the tag was deployed, as defined by the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS, www.itis.gov). If the species name can not be provided, this should be the lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined and that is used in the ITIS taxonomy. Additional information can be provided using the term taxon detail. example: Buteo swainsoni same as: species, animal taxon, individual taxon canonical name timestamp: The date and time a sensor measurement was taken. example: 2008-08-14 18:31:00.000 format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.sss units: UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) or GPS time, which is a few leap seconds different from UTC visible: Determines whether an event is visible on the Movebank Search map. Values are calculated automatically, with FALSE indicating that the event has been marked as an outlier by manually marked outlier or algorithm marked outlier. Allowed values are TRUE or FALSE. ----------- More Information For more information about this repository, see www.movebank.org/node/15294, the FAQ at www.movebank.org/node/2220, or contact us at support@movebank.org.